Are you prepared for due diligence with your investors and what can you do to make the process go as smoothly and fast as possible?
Getting investors interested in your business is one thing. Successfully completing due diligence is certainly another. Too often entrepreneurs underestimate what the due diligence process entails, thinking that after the investor expresses interest in the business they will put a check in the mail. Far from it….essentially what the investor is saying is that they are willing to spend the considerable amount of time needed to understand your business in detail. They dare looking for reasons that either confirm their interest in the business or red flags that will make them reconsider. It is only through this in-depth research that you can start to talk about possible terms of an agreement. This can sometimes take months, and depending on complex issues, even longer.
Don’t have time for this? Costs are piling up and the clock is ticking? The best you can do is to go into due diligence prepared. Why wait for the investor to ask for something and then have to spend 3 weeks answering the request? Instead, make sure you have all of your documentation prepared up-front and consider organizing everything in an easy to access place like drop box.
Here is a checklist you can use as a guide. Ignore the things that you don’t feel are relevant to your business and add the things you feel are important or are missing.
(A) Corporate Documents of the Company and Subsidiaries (including but not limited to)
(1) Articles of Incorporation and all amendments thereto;
(2) Bylaws and all amendments thereto;
(3) Minutes of all Board of Directors, committee and shareholders meetings and all consents to actions without meeting;
(4) List of states and jurisdictions in which qualified to do business and in which the Company has offices, holds property or conducts business;
(5) Material information or documents furnished to shareholders and to directors during the last two years;
(6) Most recently obtained good standing certificates for all states and jurisdictions where the Company is qualified to do business.
(B) Previous Issuances of Securities
(1) All applications and permits for issuance/transfer of securities;
(2) Sample copy of stock certificates, warrants and options;
(3) Stockholder information, indicating number of shares held, dates of issuance, and consideration paid;
(4) All stock option, stock purchase and other employee benefit plans and forms of agreements;
(5) List of any outstanding stock options and warrants;
(6) Any voting trust agreements, buy/sell agreements, stockholder agreements, warrant agreements,proxies, or right of first refusal agreements;
(7) Any registration rights or pre-emptive rights agreements;
(8) Powers of attorney on any matter;
(9) Convertible debt instruments;
(10) Other contracts, arrangements, or public or private documents or commitments relating to the stock of the Company;
(11) Any debt arrangements, guarantees or indemnification between officers, directors or the shareholder and the Company.
(C) Material Contracts and Agreements
(1) List of banks or other lenders with whom Company has a financial relationship (briefly describe nature of relationship – lines of credit, equipment lessor, etc.);
(2) Credit agreements, debt instruments, security agreements, mortgages, financial or performance guaranties, indemnifications, liens, equipment leases or other agreements evidencing outstanding loans to which the Company is a party or was a party within the past two years;
(3) All material correspondence with lenders during the last three years, including all compliance reports submitted by the Company or its accountants;
(4) Any other material contracts.
(D) Litigation
(1) Copies of any pleadings or correspondence for pending or prior lawsuits involving the Company or the Founders;
(2) Summary of disputes with suppliers, competitors, or customers;
(3) Correspondence with auditor or accountant regarding threatened or pending litigation, assessmentor claims;
(4) Decrees, orders or judgments of courts or governmental agencies;
(5) Settlement documentation.
(E) Employees and Related Parties
(1) A management organization chart and biographical information;
(2) Summary of any labor disputes;
(3) Correspondence, memoranda or notes concerning pending or threatened labor stoppage;
(4) List of negotiations with any group seeking to become the bargaining unit for any employees;
(5) All employment and consulting agreements, loan agreements and documents relating to other transactions with officers, directors, key employees and related parties;
(6) Schedule of all compensation paid to officers, directors and key employees for most recent fiscal year showing separately salary, bonuses and non-cash compensation (i.e. use of cars, property, etc.);
(7) Summary of employee benefits and copies of any pension, profit sharing, deferred compensation and retirement plans;
(8) Summary of management incentive or bonus plans not included in (7) above, as well as other non- cash forms of compensation;
(9) Confidentiality agreements with employees;
(10) Description of all related party transactions which have occurred during the last three years (and any currently proposed transaction) and all agreements relating thereto.
(F) Financial Information
(1) Audited financial statements since inception (unaudited if audited financials are unavailable);
(2) Quarterly income statements for the last two years and the current year (to date);
(3) A description of all changes in accounting methods or principles during the last three fiscal years;
(4) Any documents relating to material write-downs or write-offs other than in the ordinary course;
(5) Management letters or special reports by auditors and any responses thereto for the last three fiscal years;
(6) Letters of counsel to the Company delivered to auditors for the last three fiscal years;
(7) Aging schedules for accounts receivable for the last two years;
(8) Breakdown of G&A expenses for the last two years;
(9) Copies of any valuations of the Company’s stock;
(10) Description of all contingent liabilities.
(G) Property
(1) List of real and material personal property owned by the Company;
(2) Documents of title, mortgages, deeds of trust and security agreements pertaining to the propertieslisted in (1) above;
(3) All outstanding leases with an original term greater than one year for real and personal property to which the Company is either a lessor or lessee;
(4) Documents pertaining to proprietary technology developed/owned by the Company, including any copyright, trademark or patent filings. This will also include information confirming that the Company’s systems, software and technology is owned solely by the Company and does not infringe on any other party’s rights;
(5) Documents pertaining to all the web domains owned by the Company.
(H) Taxation
(1) Any notice of assessment, revenue agents’ reports, etc. from federal or state authorities with respect to any currently “open” years;
(2) Federal and state income tax returns for the last three years;
(3) Evidence of Company being current on sales tax, unemployment, social security, and other tax payments.
(I) Insurance and Liability
(1) Schedule or copies of all material insurance policies of the Company covering property, liabilities and operations, including product liabilities;
(2) Schedule of any other insurance policies in force such as “key man” policies or director indemnification policies;
(3) All other relevant documents pertaining to the Company’s insurance and liability exposure, including special reserve funds and accounts.
(J) Acquisition, Partnership or Joint Venture Agreements
(1) All acquisition, partnership or joint venture agreements;
(2) Documents pertaining to potential acquisitions or alliances;
(3) Any agreements regarding divestiture or assets.
(K) Governmental Regulations And Filings
(1) Summary of governmental agency inquiries during the past three years;
(2) Material reports to government agencies for past three years;
(3) Copies of all permit and licenses necessary to conduct the Company’s business;
(4) Summary of applicable federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations.
(L) Miscellaneous
(1) Articles and other pertinent marketing studies or reports relating to the Company or the industry;
(2) Current brochures and sales materials describing the Company’s services.
Please share your own thoughts on this list with the community and share any learnings from your own experiences. We hope to present as complete of a resource as possible.