In many areas, inadequate management of animal waste can result in pollution of soil and water resources. Untreated animal waste may contain pathogens, hormones, antibiotics and other harmful substances which, if found in the environment, can pose risks to public health and the ecosystem. *Social impacts: * – Risks to public health: The presence of pathogens in animal waste can contaminate soil and groundwater, increasing the risk of disease for local populations. – Poor odour and nuisance: Poor management of animal waste can result in unpleasant odours and nuisance to neighbouring communities, affecting their quality of life. *Environmental impacts: * – Soil pollution: Nutrients in animal waste can cause nutrient overload in soils, causing pollute problems